Windmill regulator



Oct. 21; 1930.

lIllllIllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIHHHHLHIHHHt llllljllllllllfi L. CONSTANTIN WINDMILL REGULATOR Filed April 5, 1929 z mcmtc, t

Patented (Jet. 21, 1930 mm ms tourslconsranrrmfonrnnrs, F ANCE, Assmnoa oronn-natr meme; 1 mm 7 1 BEAULIEIL'QF nonnnntoran,Financ ng; a

I wrmnvrrm REGULATOR Appimation fii'ea Apri115 1929, Serial No. tSaeasjahi 'n-FranceApriLfi, 192's.

Q present invention has for an object anew system of regulation of wind motors which is-constituted in-sueh a way that the partial disappearing of said :wind motors is 5 produced {progressively and automatically, 7 either as a function of'the load of the utili zation expedients turning at'speeds proportional to those of the wind, or in a way to preserve a constant speed of thedriving arbor 10 whatever beitheload; I i

' In my U. S. patent application No. 240,500

of December 16, 192?,1 disclosed anorientingand disappearing device for wind motors utilizing the combined action of an auxiliary, biasing servo-motor, a windvane preferably of the Constantin type' of U, .S. patent application No. 512,367 filed November 2,1921, 1

nd a disappearing blade maintained by {a springor counter-weights. 1 a

In the U. S. Patent No; 1,672,152 taken in my name, it-is a'que'stion moreover of making i use ofa differential organ for the regulation of'the load on the utilizationapparatuses'as a function of the biasing power available. 3

The system of regulation-forming the subject matter of the present invention allows, at the same time as the suppression of the disappearing blade, a disappearing which is progressive and automatic inconnection with the wind motorof predeterminedamplitude and strictly sufilcientin order that the motor furnish exactly eitherth'e demand ofpower by the utilization apparatus for-turningproportionally, to thespeed of the .wind, or a power such that these utilization apparatuses operate at constant speed wh atev'erbe their load. This is of course with the assumption that the same takes placewithin the limits of the biasing power available.

-40 1 This system'is constituted: essentiallyby the combination with an auxiliary biasing servo-' motor, which couldbe also replaced bya' mo-' tor ofany" other constant'speed type, a wind vane of the Constantin typepreferably con- V1.45 trolling inknown mannerthe orientation of the movable head of the wind motor, and of a difierential'org an which regulates the displacement of the orienting windvane and, ac-

cording to the sign of the difference hetweenthespeedof rotation of the wind motor and "motor in the opposite direction. 1

stop automatically itself, up to the ipoint "where it furnishes more than the power necesthat of'thebiaser, causes throiigh thefmedium i of the windvane the rotation ofthe movable head of the wind motor in one direction or the 'other,- in a ways to obtain thedesired v powerh a p v :Infother words, if the speed ofthe 'wind motor causes the rotation'ofithe movable head of the windmotor in one direction; if, on the contrary, the speed of-the wind motor is lesslthan that of the auxiliary servo-motor, i. e., if the difference between the speedsii's negative, thep auxiliary servo-motor causes the rotation 'of-themovable headiof the win 7' I =-One of the'results which'my improved sys temattains is that,;in very highiwinds, the wind motor will almost-completely disappear, but still continue to furnish exactlyth'e power required." 1"

gAno ther result istha-t 'if the apparatuses being utilized are disconnected,- the motor will sary to-overcome friction which opposesits rotation under no load tional to the. wind. v V The invention will bemorereadily underistoodin the following'descriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification The single figure ofthe drawing is'a conv I 'tem formingthe object of my invention? f ventional View inplan of the I regulating;

at aspeed propor- Referring to themlrawing-more in detail,

1 designates the movable head containing the mechanismvfor transmitting the energy furnished by'the Wind motor-*2; Saidl'movable head is orienta'blelby means of "a s uitable mechanism, not illustrated, "controlled itself by'the windvanefi in' accor'dance with a known arrangement suchas that disclosed inpatient application- No. 240,500 above mentioned. a ,S aid: ,Windvane ucomprises two blades "or, orienting surfaces symmetrically "disposed. at the ends of the major-baseiof an articulated trapezoid. At 4:,isshowna di'fferentialwhich, through the medium: of the 1 bevelledgear 5, pinion 6, tangent screw 7,

wheel 8,.pinioI1 9 and toothed sector 10, controls' the displacement'ofthe base llof the windvane 3 with respect to the movable head.

The. pinion 12 ofthe differential receives 7' its movement from the wind motor-through the medium of the toothedwheels' 13 and 14.

The pinion 15 of the differential has movement imparted to it by means of a gear train, 16 from the-auxiliary biaser 17 carriedfbythecalculated in such a way that'the -rwhole Twill operate at r'ull load, the position "of all the members being that in the drawing andthe wind blowing inthe direction of the arrow 21, the. differential remains-station of the wind, the wind motor-2 tends vtolrace.

ary; This means that the wind-motor will I operate underoptomistic conditions'and furnish all the power. resulting from the actual speed of the wind. I i i 7 But if .'t is assumed now that the speed ,of the wind increases, the speed v01 the biaser 17 increases, which operates very nearly at increases proportionally. .Butlthat V of pin The differential 'is therefor brought into movement and, if the directions of rotation have'been'suitabl-y chosen, the displacing bar 11 iof-the'windvane will be put ininotion in the directionxof the arrow 19.

x-This displacing of the windvane,

known, causes a disappearing ofrthe movable head inthe direction ofthe arrow 20 by swinging for example the housing of an aux: iliary winch normally parallel to the direction f the wind and by placing the said winch opposite to the wind asdescribedand claimed in my copending application No.

240,500, filed December 16, 1927.." The aux.-

-iliary winch is then placed in rotation. by; the

wind and. produces through the medium of idle-gears disposed as describedin the patent application: just mentioned a rotation-, z-t-hat' is tols'ayj'a disappearing of the windnm otor.

For the purposes of simplification, the winch and the, gear trains associated therewith whichareknown int-heart have not been illustrated in the drawing?Following'the a disappearing thespeed of'the .wind moto'r equal to that of pinion '15. At this moment, the-displacing bar 11 which has followed 7 At any new wind speed.

" i'lhe ut za q l other sort of windvane;

arrow 19, will again be perpendicular to the direction of the wind shown by arrow 21.

"A disappearing entirely analogous and following the sameoperationsis produced ifg'the load is disconnected.

load by the utilization apparatuses corresponds a displacing movement ofthe bar ll and anew positionj ofequilibrium off'fth e speeds, that is, a new orientation position.

It will be well to notethe following points oi'interes'ti 1 n apparatusescontrolled by the Wind motors are very frequently piston pumps, 7 rotary pumps, pulleysdrive'n, vworm drivenorthe like, whose load increases proportionally, very nearlyr with the speed;

They may also becentrifugalpumps' whose load increases proportionallyas; the cube'oi? the speed. Finally they may beielectric gen-f nd at any new erators whose load depends bothupon the 7 line which they feed and the.:type of windings employed In all the various examples the orientation takes place :infsuch wise that the wind motor will furnish exactly the power necessary for the utilizing Eorgans functioning always at a speed proportional to'that of latter is furnishedowith an efiicient device suitable for orientation, 1 r i I If this biaser be replaced by a constantspeed motor such as an electric alternating Q current motor fed by asourceof constantfrequency, for example, it isevident that whatever be the load and be it understo-odwithin the limits ofthe powerof the. biaser which is available, the disorientation is produced in such wise that the speed of r-the wind motor remains constant. Q i 'L v f A speed box 22-connected in thetransmisp thewind. But in no case isracingproduced. 'noload, and consequently that of pinlonjo,

' biaser could be: the same asthat which serves q as an orienting servo-motor provided that the sion between the diiierential and theauxiliary motor allows the wind mot-or'to beturned at different speeds according to the needs, but

always constant; 0 s y The -transmisslons.indicated in my present #31 device may obviously equivalents. V The windvane arrangementof the "Conbe replaced by their I. t -stantin type =could,although' withless prediminishes and the equillbrii'mi'becoines established when the speed of pinion 12 is cision than such-type in operatiom'be any 1. A" regulating! .for wind motors comprising in combination with such wind motor, anauxiliary servo-motor, a windvane, means cooperating with said windvane for producing orientation of said wind motor, and a difierential adapted to regulate the displacement'of the windvane in one direction 7 or the other in accordance with the algebraic sign of the difference between the speed of rotation of the wind motor and'that of the 5 auxiliary servo-motor; I a I "2. A regulating system forwind motors comprising in combination with such wind motor, an auxiliary servo-motor, a'windvane consisting of a pivoted lever quadrilateral and a pair of blades carried thereby, means cooperating with said windvane for producing orientation of said wind motor, and 'a differential adapted to regulate the displacement of the windvane in one direction or'the otherin accordance with'the algebraic sign of the difference between the speed of rotation of thewind motor and that of the auxiliary servo-motor.

3. A regulating system for wind motors comprising in combination with such wind motor, an auxiliary wind motor, a windvane,

means cooperatingwith said windvane for producing orientation of said wind motor,

anda differential adapted to regulate the displacement of the windvane in vone direction or the other in accordance with the algebraic sign-of the difierence between the speed of,

rotation of the wind motor and that ofthe auxiliary wind motor;

I 4. A regulating system motor, an auxiliary wind motor, a windvane consisting of -a pivoted lever quadrilateral and a pair of blades carried thereby, means cooperating (with said windvane for produc ing orientation of said wind motor, anda differential'adapted to regulate the displa'cement of the windvane in one direction or the other in accordance with the algebraic sign of the difier'ence between the speed of rotation v of the wind motor and thatof the auxiliary v 7 wind motor.- 1

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

LOUIS CONSTANTIN.

t for windmotors comprislng 1n combination w1th such wln'd 

